Multiplicative Comparison and Measurement

1. Let $p$ be the number of colored pencils Omar has.

Lena has 6, and Omar has 4 times as many:

$p = 4 \times 6$

$p = 24$

Omar has 24 colored pencils.

2. The bike path is 5 times as long as the 3-mile trail:

$5 \times 3 = 15$

The bike path is 15 miles long.

Now compare the lengths:

$15 - 3 = 12$

The bike path is 12 miles longer than the hiking trail.

3. Compare 18 liters to 2 liters by dividing:

$18 \div 2 = 9$

The cooler holds 9 times as much water as the bottle.

4. a) Since 1 meter = 100 centimeters:

$7 \times 100 = 700$

So, 7 meters = 700 centimeters.

b) Since 1 kilogram = 1,000 grams:

$4 \times 1,000 = 4,000$

So, 4 kilograms = 4,000 grams.

c) Since 1 hour = 60 minutes:

$3 \times 60 = 180$

So, 3 hours = 180 minutes.

5. a) Perimeter means distance around the garden:

$P = 9 + 6 + 9 + 6$

$P = 30$

The perimeter is 30 feet.

b) Area means length times width:

$A = 9 \times 6 = 54$

The area is 54 square feet.

c) The second garden is 3 times as long:

$3 \times 9 = 27$

Its width is still 6 feet:

$27 \times 6 = 162$

The second garden has an area of 162 square feet.